The Ultimate Introduction to RV Inverters

Are you thinking about investing in a power inverter for a camper or RV?

RV inverters can be confusing at first, but this guide will help you sift through all the different options and find the right one for your vehicle.

Discover everything you need to know about RV inverters below.

What Is an RV Inverter?

An RV inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) electricity from the RV’s batteries into alternating current (AC) electricity, allowing you to power various household appliances and electronic devices while on the road or when camping without shore power.

RVs typically have built-in electrical systems that run on DC power supplied by the RV’s batteries. Meanwhile, many appliances and devices you might use in your RV, such as laptops, televisions, and kitchen appliances, operate on AC power.

RV Inverter vs. Converter

A lot of people use the terms inverter and converter synonymously. However, they are unique devices that serve different purposes.

Here are some key differences between the two:

RV Inverter

Purpose: An RV inverter converts direct current (DC) electricity from the RV’s batteries into alternating current (AC) electricity, allowing you to power household appliances and electronic devices while off-grid.
Functionality: It takes the 12-volt DC power from the RV’s battery bank and transforms it into 120-volt AC power, similar to the power supplied by electrical outlets in homes.
Use Cases: Inverters are helpful when camping without access to shore power or when you want to use 120-volt AC appliances and devices while driving or parked without a generator running.

RV Converter

Purpose: An RV converter converts 120-volt AC power to 12-volt DC power. Its primary function is to charge the RV’s battery bank and power 12-volt DC appliances and accessories.
Functionality: When the RV is connected to shore power or running a generator, the converter takes the incoming 120-volt AC power and converts it into 12-volt DC power to charge the RV’s batteries and supply power to the 12-volt DC system.
Use Cases: Converters are active when connected to a campground’s electrical hookup or using a generator to provide power to the RV. They ensure that the 12-volt systems receive a constant and stable power supply.

Types of RV Inverters

Before you start shopping for an RV power inverter, you must understand the different types of inverters you can choose from. Inverters come in several varieties, including the following:

Square Wave Inverter

Square wave inverters are the simplest and least expensive type of inverters. However, they have limitations compared to other types of inverters.

Some fundamental characteristics of square wave inverters include the following:

Waveform Shape: The output waveform is a square wave, which consists of rapid and abrupt transitions between high and low voltage levels.
Compatibility: Square wave inverters are less compatible with certain types of electronic equipment than other types of inverters. They may not be suitable for powering sensitive devices like audio equipment or digital devices.
Efficiency: Square wave inverters can be less efficient than other inverters. They may also produce more heat during operation.
Applications: Square wave inverters are often used in more straightforward applications where the specific characteristics of the waveform are not critical, such as powering basic appliances or tools in non-sensitive environments.

Modified Sine Wave Inverter

Modified sine wave inverters produce output waveforms that resemble but aren’t quite the same as sine waves.

Here are some essential characteristics of modified sine wave inverters:

Waveform Shape: The output waveform is a stepped approximation of a sine wave. It consists of a series of square waves, with each step transitioning between high and low voltage levels.
Compatibility: These inverters are more versatile than square wave inverters and are suitable for powering various electronic devices. They can typically handle most basic appliances, tools, and devices, but they may not be ideal for sensitive equipment that requires a pure sine wave.
Efficiency: A modified sine wave inverter is more efficient than square wave inverters. They produce less harmonic distortion and heat during operation.
Applications: This type of inverter is commonly used in RVs, boats, and other mobile applications. They are suitable for powering many common household appliances, including lights, fans, refrigerators, and power tools.
Cost: These inverters are more affordable than pure sine wave inverters.

Pure Sine Wave Inverter

A pure sine wave inverter produces a waveform that looks most like a sine wave. Key characteristics include the following:

Waveform Shape: The output waveform is a pure sine wave, which is identical to the waveform of the electricity supplied by utility companies. It provides a smooth, continuous oscillation between positive and negative voltage levels.
Compatibility: A pure sine wave inverter is highly compatible with numerous electronic devices and appliances. They are suitable for powering all types of equipment, including sensitive electronics, motors, audio equipment, and appliances that may not work optimally with modified or square wave power.
Efficiency: These inverters are generally more efficient. They produce minimal harmonic distortion and heat during operation.
Applications: A pure sine wave inverter is commonly used in various applications, including RVs, boats, off-grid solar systems, and in situations where high-quality power is essential.
Cost: These inverters are typically more expensive than modified sine wave inverters because of the complexity of producing a clean sine wave output.

Which RVs Come with RV Inverters?

The inclusion of an RV inverter can vary based on the RV’s manufacturer, model, and specific features.

Many larger and higher-end RVs come equipped with built-in inverters or inverter/charger systems as standard features. However, smaller or entry-level RVs may not include inverters in their standard configurations.

Where Is the RV Inverter Located?

If your coach has an inverter, it is usually located next to or near the coach’s breaker or fuse box. Most breaker or fuse boxes are found near or under the bed in the back of the RV.

Inverter Sizes

RV inverters can range from a few hundred watts to several thousand. Here’s a quick breakdown of different size options:

Small Inverters (300W to 1,000W): These are suitable for powering small electronic devices such as laptops, smartphones, and small kitchen appliances. They’re often used for primary or short-term power needs during camping trips.
Medium-sized Inverters (1,000W to 2,000W): These work best for powering a more comprehensive range of devices, including small kitchen appliances, TVs, and power tools. They’re adequate for moderate power needs during RV camping.
Large Inverters (2,000W and above): These are designed to power larger appliances, air conditioners, microwaves, and other high-wattage devices. They’re often used in larger RVs or for those who have higher power requirements.

Best Uses for RV Inverters

An RV inverter allows you to use household appliances and electronic devices that require 120-volt AC power. Here are some of the best uses for an RV inverter:

Powering Small Appliances: Use the inverter to power small kitchen appliances such as coffee makers, blenders, or toasters. You can also charge small electronic devices like laptops, smartphones, and cameras.
Running Entertainment Devices: Power TVs, DVD players, gaming consoles, or audio systems with the inverter for entertainment while camping.
Operating Power Tools: Use the inverter to operate power tools for RV maintenance or outdoor projects.
Running Lights: Power interior and exterior lights with the inverter when camping without access to shore power.
Charging Batteries: Charge rechargeable batteries for flashlights, cameras, or other devices using the inverter’s AC outlets.
Using Small Appliances: Run small appliances like electric fans, space heaters, or portable air conditioners within the inverter’s capacity.
Powering Medical Devices: If you have medical devices that require AC power, such as a CPAP machine, the inverter can provide the necessary power.
Operating Electronics in the Cab Area: If your RV has a separate cab area, use the inverter to power devices like a dashboard camera, GPS, or other electronic accessories.
Charging Electric Bikes or Scooters: If you carry electric bikes or scooters, the inverter can be used to charge their batteries.
Using 120V Outlets: Take advantage of the RV’s built-in 120V outlets powered by the inverter for various household applications.

When to Use an RV Inverter vs. an Onboard Generator

RV upgrades like inverters can come in very handy when it comes to powering small appliances, charging devices, etc. There are also times when an onboard generator can be more beneficial than an inverter, though.

For example, an onboard generator may work better if you need to power large appliances (air conditioners, refrigerators, microwaves, etc.) for extended periods. If you plan on taking long camping trips, a generator may also be more beneficial and do a better job of providing continuous power.

How Do Inverters Relate to Onboard Batteries?

Put simply, your RV inverter relies on an onboard battery to function correctly.

RV inverters take 12V power from an onboard battery bank and then change it to 120V power, which can power appliances like computers, TVs, coffee makers, etc.

How Do RV Inverters Relate to Solar Energy?

By pairing your solar charging system with a power inverter, you can convert the DC power generated by solar to household AC (alternating current) power, allowing you to run your RV lights and appliances using solar energy.

Should You Have an Inverter Installed?

Installing an RV inverter can provide several benefits, especially when camping off-grid or without access to shore power. Here are some advantages of installing an RV inverter:

Powering Household Appliances: One of the primary benefits is the ability to power household appliances and electronic devices that require 120-volt AC power, such as laptops, TVs, microwaves, and small kitchen appliances, even when you are not connected to shore power.
Convenience During Boondocking: An RV inverter allows you to enjoy the comforts of home while boondocking or camping in remote locations where traditional power sources are unavailable.
Increased Independence: Installing an RV inverter reduces your reliance on external power sources, such as campground hookups or generators.
Quiet Operation: Unlike generators, which can be noisy, inverters operate quietly. This is advantageous for maintaining a peaceful camping environment, especially in areas with noise restrictions.
Cost Savings: While there is an initial investment in purchasing and installing an inverter, you may experience long-term cost savings by reducing the need for campground fees with electrical hookups or fuel consumption in running a generator.

Tips for Shopping for an RV Inverter

Shopping for an RV inverter requires careful consideration to select the correct size and type for your needs. Here are some tips to help you when shopping for an RV inverter:

Determine Your Power Needs: List all the devices and appliances you plan to power simultaneously. Note their wattage requirements and sum them up to determine the minimum inverter size you need.
Choose the Right Waveform: Decide whether you need a square, modified, or pure sine wave inverter.
Select the Appropriate Size: Inverters come in various sizes, ranging from small inverters for essential power needs to larger ones for more significant power requirements. Ensure that the inverter size matches your power consumption needs.
Consider Compatibility with Battery System: Ensure the inverter is compatible with your RV’s battery system, considering the battery voltage and capacity.

DIY vs. Professional Inverter Installation?

Can you install an RV inverter by yourself? Technically, yes.

However, if you’re not confident working with electrical devices, you may be better off hiring a professional to help you with the installation process. They can do the hard work for you and ensure everything is hooked up correctly.